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UN General Assembly
Resolution 62/149 |
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| Date: | December 18 2007 |
| Meeting no.: | 76 |
| Code: | A/RES/62/149 (Document) |
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| Vote: | For: 104 Abs.: 29 Against: 54 |
| Subject: | Moratorium on the use of the death penalty |
| Result: | Approved |
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UN General Assembly
Resolution 63/168 |
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| Date: | December 18 2008 |
| Meeting no.: | 70 |
| Code: | A/RES/63/168 (Document) |
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| Vote: | For: 106 Abs.: 34 Against: 46 |
| Subject: | Moratorium on the use of the death penalty |
| Result: | Approved |
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UN General Assembly
Resolution 65/206 |
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| Date: | December 21 2010 |
| Meeting no.: | 71 |
| Code: | A/RES/65/206 (Document) |
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| Vote: | For: 109 Abs.: 35 Against: 41 |
| Subject: | Moratorium on the use of the death penalty |
| Result: | Approved |
The UN moratorium on the death penalty were two proposals by Italy and Chile supported by several countries and NGOs before the General Assembly of the United Nations that called for general suspension (not abolition) of capital punishment throughout the world. It was twice affirmed: first, on 15 November 2007 by the Third Committee, and then subsequently reaffirmed on 18 December by the United Nations General Assembly resolution 62/149.
It calls on States that maintain the death penalty to establish a moratorium on the use of the death penalty with a view to abolition, and in the meantime, to restrict the number of offences which it punishes and to respect the rights of those on death row. It also calls on States that have abolished the death penalty not to reintroduce it. Like all General Assembly resolutions, it is not binding on any state.
On 15 November, the Third Committee of the United Nations 62nd General Assembly voted 99 to 52, with 33 abstentions, in favour of a resolution calling for a global moratorium on capital punishment.[1]
On 18 December 2007, the United Nations General Assembly voted 104 to 54 in favour of resolution A/RES/62/149, which proclaims a global moratorium on the death penalty, with 29 abstentions (as well as 5 absent at the time of the vote).[2] Italy had proposed and sponsored this resolution. After the resolution's approval, Italian Foreign Minister Massimo D'Alema declared: "Now we must start working on the abolition of the death penalty".[3]
On 18 December 2008, the General Assembly adopted another resolution (A/RES/63/168) reaffirming its previous call for a global moratorium on capital punishment 106 to 46 (with 34 abstentions and another 6 were absent at the time of the vote). This time (during the 63d General Assembly), Chile was the main facilitator of the resolution.
Once again on 21 December 2010, the 65th General Assembly adopted a third resolution (A/RES/65/206) with 109 countries voting in favour, 41 against and 35 abstentions (another 7 countries were absent at the time of the vote).[4] Another resolution on a moratorium will be then further discussed under the item entitled “Promotion and protection of human rights” in 2012.[5]
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The UN moratorium campaign was launched in Italy by the association Hands Off Cain affiliated to the Nonviolent Radical Party.[6] In 1994 a resolution for a moratorium was presented for the first time at the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) by the Italian government. It lost by eight votes. Since 1997, through Italy’s initiative, and since 1999 through the EU’s endeavour, the United Nations Commission of Human Rights (UNCHR) has been approving a resolution calling for a moratorium on executions with a view to completely abolishing the death penalty, every year. The 2007 vote at the Third Committee of the United Nations General Assembly saw intense diplomatic acivity in favour of the moratorium by EU countries, and by the Nonviolent Radical Party itself; the Catholic Community of Sant'Egidio joined forces by submitting to the U.N. an appeal and 5,000,000 signatures asking for the moratorium to be passed.
The General Assembly,
Guided by the purposes and principles contained in the Charter of the United Nations,
Recalling the Universal Declaration of Human Rights,[1] the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights[2] and the Convention on the Rights of the Child,[3]
Recalling also the resolutions on the question of the death penalty adopted over the past decade by the Commission on Human Rights in all consecutive sessions, the last being its resolution 2005/59 of 20 April 2005,[4] in which the Commission called upon states that still maintain the death penalty to abolish it completely and, in the meantime, to establish a moratorium on executions,
Recalling further the important results accomplished by the former Commission of Human Rights on the question of the death penalty, and envisaging that the Human Rights Council could continue to work on this issue,
Considering that the use of the death penalty undermines human dignity, and convinced that a moratorium on the use of the death penalty contributes to the enhancement and progressive development of Human Rights, that there is no conclusive evidence that the death penalty's deterrent value and that any miscarriage or failure of justice in the death penalty's implementation is irreversible and irreparable,
Welcoming the decisions taken by an increasing number of States to apply a moratorium on executions, followed in many cases by the abolition of the death penalty,
1. Expresses its deep concern about the continued application of the death penalty;
2. Calls upon all States that still maintain the death penalty to;
(a) Respect international standards that provide safeguards guaranteeing the protection of the rights of those facing the death penalty, in particular the minimum standards, as set out in the annexe to Economic and Social Council resolution 1984/50 of 25 May 1984;
(b) Provide the Secretary-General with information relating to the use of Capital Punishment and the observance of the safeguards guaranteeing the protection of the rights of those facing the death penalty;
(c) Progressively restrict the use of the death penalty and reduce the number of offences for which it may be imposed;
(d) Establish a moratorium on executions with a view to abolishing the death penalty;
3. Calls upon States which have abolished the death penalty not to reintroduce it;
4. Requests the Secretary-General to report to the General Assembly at its sixty-third session on the implementation of the present resolution;
5. Decides to continue consideration of the matter at its sixty-third session under the same agenda item.
^ 1 Resolution 217 A (III).
^ 2 See resolution 2200 A (XXI), annex.
^ 3 United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 1577, No. 27531.
^ 4 See Official Records of the Economic and Social Council, 2005, Supplement No. 3 and corrigenda (E/2005/23 and Corr.1 and 2), chap. II, sect. A.
The General Assembly,
Reaffirming its resolution 62/149 of 18 December 2007 on a moratorium on the use of the death penalty,
Welcoming the decisions taken by an increasing number of States to apply a moratorium on executions and the global trend towards the abolition of the death penalty,
1. Welcomes the report of the Secretary-General on the implementation of resolution 62/149,[1] and the conclusions and recommendations contained therein;
2. Requests the Secretary-General to provide a report on progress made in the implementation of resolution 62/149 and the present resolution, for consideration during its sixty-fifth session, and calls upon Member States to provide the Secretary-General with information in this regard;
3. Decides to continue consideration of the matter at its sixty-fifth session under the item entitled “Promotion and protection of human rights”.
^ 1 A/63/293 and Corr.1.
The General Assembly,
Guided by the purposes and principles contained in the Charter of the United Nations,
Recalling the Universal Declaration of Human Rights,[1] the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights[2] and the Convention on the Rights of the Child,[3]
Reaffirming its resolutions 62/149 of 18 December 2007 and 63/168 of 18 December 2008 on the question of a moratorium on the use of the death penalty, in which the General Assembly called upon States that still maintain the death penalty to establish a moratorium on executions with a view to abolishing it,
Mindful that any miscarriage or failure of justice in the implementation of the death penalty is irreversible and irreparable,
Convinced that a moratorium on the use of the death penalty contributes to respect for human dignity and to the enhancement and progressive development of human rights, and considering that there is no conclusive evidence of the deterrent value of the death penalty,
Noting ongoing national debates and regional initiatives on the death penalty, as well as the readiness of an increasing number of Member States to make available information on the use of the death penalty,
Noting also the technical cooperation among Member States in relation to moratoriums on the death penalty,
1. Welcomes the report of the Secretary-General on the implementation of resolution 63/168[4] and the recommendations contained therein;
2. Also welcomes the steps taken by some countries to reduce the number of offences for which the death penalty may be imposed and the decisions made by an increasing number of States to apply a moratorium on executions, followed in many cases by the abolition of the death penalty;
3. Calls upon all States:
(a) To respect international standards that provide safeguards guaranteeing protection of the rights of those facing the death penalty, in particular the minimum standards, as set out in the annex to Economic and Social Council resolution 1984/50 of 25 May 1984, as well as to provide the Secretary-General with information in this regard;
(b) To make available relevant information with regard to their use of the death penalty, which can contribute to possible informed and transparent national debates;
(c) To progressively restrict the use of the death penalty and to reduce the number of offences for which it may be imposed;
(d) To establish a moratorium on executions with a view to abolishing the death penalty;
4. Calls upon States which have abolished the death penalty not to reintroduce it, and encourages them to share their experience in this regard;
5. Requests the Secretary-General to report to the General Assembly at its sixty-seventh session on the implementation of the present resolution;
6. Decides to continue its consideration of the matter at its sixty-seventh session under the item entitled “Promotion and protection of human rights”.
^ 1 Resolution 217 A (III).
^ 2 See resolution 2200 A (XXI), annex.
^ 3 United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 1577, No. 27531.
^ 4 A/65/280 and Corr.1.
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